Centralized and decentralized electrolysis-based hydrogen supply systems for road transportation – A modeling study of current and future costs

This work compares the costs of three electrolysis-based hydrogen supply systems for heavy road transportation: a decentralized, off-grid system production from wind and solar power (Dec-Sa); decentralized connected to electricity grid (Dec-Gc); centralized grid-connected electrolyzer with transported refueling stations (Cen-Gc). A cost-minimizing optimization model was developed in which is designed meet demand at lowest total cost two timeframes: one current prices estimated future prices. The results show that: For most studied geographical regions, Dec-Gc gives delivery (2.2–3.3€/kgH2), while Dec-Sa entails higher (2.5–6.7€/kgH2). In addition, (Cen-Gc) involves lower storage than (Dec-Gc), although additional transport increase (3.5–4.8€/kgH2).